To get the most benefit, it’s essential to include a wide range of species from various plant families. They are one of the most effective tools to support pollinators year-round while improving soil health, moisture retention and farm productivity.

Founder of Amazing Carbon Dr Christine Jones explains the essential role of diversity in her report Light Farming. The report states that a thoughtfully designed mix improves mycorrhizal networks, nutrient cycling and soil structure.

“Every plant exudes its own unique blend of sugars, enzymes, phenols, amino acids, nucleic acids, auxins, gibberellins and other biological compounds, many of which act as signals to soil microbes. Root exudates vary continuously over time, depending on the plant’s immediate requirements. The greater the diversity of plants, the greater the diversity of microbes and the more robust the soil ecosystem.” (p. 6)

To achieve diversity, cover crop mixes should include species from at least four functional groups: brassicas, grasses, legumes and flowers. This supports a broad range of beneficial insects, including native bees. A target of eight to 20 species achieves strong ecological outcomes.

It is also important to align species with local rainfall and climate, ensuring both crops and pollinators benefit. Allowing cover crops to mature and flower offers the most value to pollinators.

The Bee Friendly Farming program would love to hear from you. What species have you used that helped attract pollinators? What challenges or questions do you have about integrating pollinator-friendly practices? 

Email experiences and challenges to rowena.danks@wheenbeefoundation.org.au